Browse - AIP Conference Proceedings

Volume/Page
Keyword
Citation
Advanced

Volume: Page/Article:

Search Content Type

Citation:

Home
Browse
About
- About the Proceedings
- Rights & Permissions
Organizers
Authors
Librarians
Features
Purchase Content
Advertisers
- Advertising Opportunities
Scitation
AIP Journals

Featured Jobs

University of Exeter
GBR - Devon
Chair and Lecturer (2 posts)

Sandia National Laboratories
US - NM - Albuquerque
Post Doc – Nuclear/ Nanoparticle Materials

Syracuse University
US - NY - Syracuse
Postdoc in Experimental CM Physics

University of Rochester
US - NY - Rochester
Biomedical Optics

More Jobs

Select this Article		Theoretical Developments B. J. Alder AIP Conf. Proc. 11, pp. 1-13; doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2948426 (13 pages) Online Publication Date: 23 July 2008 Full Text: Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The evidence for and the consequences of the nonvalidity of the molecular chaos assumption even at very long times at any finite density are examined. Particular emphasis is given to finding experimental confirmation of such non‐Markovian behavior.

Select this Article		Weak Shock Waves in Dilute Gases as a Bifurcation Problem, and Limits of Applicability of Equations of Transport B. Nicolaenko AIP Conf. Proc. 11, pp. 14-19; doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2948423 (6 pages) Online Publication Date: 23 July 2008 Full Text: Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Weak steady‐shock solutions are investigated for the nonlinear Boltzmann kinetic equation describing dilute gases. One‐dimensional flow is considered, and no modeling of the collision operator is assumed. The shock is considered as a transition between two bifurcated asymptotic states. The function‐analytic framework of bifurcated solutions of nonlinear operators is used. The first Fréchet derivative of the operator (Oseen linearization) is shown to have an eigenvalue crossing the imaginary axis for some critical parameter corresponding to the sonic flow speed (linear instability). The Taylor shock profile is recovered independently of any fluid‐dynamical approximations. The inadequacy of higher‐order hydrodynamic approximations is discussed.

Select this Article		Experimental Information on the Angle Dependent Interaction between Polyatomic Molecules J. J. M. Beenakker, H. F. P. Knaap, and B. C. Sanctuary AIP Conf. Proc. 11, pp. 21-50; doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2948432 (30 pages) Online Publication Date: 23 July 2008 Full Text: Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The nonspherical or angle dependent part of the intermolecular potential can be studied by a variety of experimental techniques which give direct information about the nonspherical interaction between molecules. In this paper an attempt is made to assess information available on the angle dependent part of the intermolecular potential obtained from acoustical relaxation, NMR, depolarized Rayleigh scattering, flow birefringence, field effects on transport properties of gases and pressure broadening. This information, obtained for simple polyatomic molecules such as N₂, CO, H₂, HD and CH₄, is tabulated as effective cross sections which are matrix elements of a collision operator. The results are discussed from two points of view: the experimentally observed trends which the cross sections tend to follow; the ability of theory to agree and predict such trends and to find relationships between cross sections.

Select this Article		Advances in the Theory of Inelastic Molecular Collisions, and Applications to Rotational Relaxation Processes in Molecular Gases Roy G. Gordon AIP Conf. Proc. 11, pp. 51-69; doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2948438 (19 pages) Online Publication Date: 23 July 2008 Full Text: Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The theory of molecular gases is reviewed, with particular emphasis on those transport and spectral properties which depend on the rotational degrees of freedom of the molecules. The kinetic theories are described which relate these properties to various collision cross sections, using both the transport equation and correlation function approaches. Recent advances in molecular scattering theory are summarized; these now permit an accurate evaluation of the collision cross sections from realistic intermolecular forces. Finally, recent calculations of transport and spectral properties of specific molecular gases are discussed.

Select this Article		Transport Phenomena in Liquids J. M. Deutch AIP Conf. Proc. 11, pp. 71-98; doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2948439 (28 pages) Online Publication Date: 23 July 2008 Full Text: Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract In this lecture a survey is presented of the present status of theory and experiment on transport properties in liquids, excluding the critical region and systems with long‐range forces. Emphasis is placed on three topics that presently appear to be of major interest: (1) The existence of long‐time tails in the time correlation functions that are employed to compute hydrodynamic transport coefficients; (2) The present application of laser light scattering to the study of the liquid state; (3) The limitations of studying molecular motions in liquids on the microscopic time scale by NMR and other spectroscopic techniques. The lecture concludes with a number of topics that are candidates for intensive work in the future.

Select this Article		Transport Processes in Solids Maurice Glicksman AIP Conf. Proc. 11, pp. 99-135; doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2948440 (37 pages) Online Publication Date: 23 July 2008 Full Text: Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The study of transport phenomena in solids is reviewed, with emphasis on the successes of various theoretical treatments in explaining experimental studies. Basic emphasis is given to the use of the Boltzmann equation, and its application to studies of equilibrium electronic transport (mobility, galvanomagnetic effects), including the effects of carrier‐carrier scattering. A discussion of the progress in the study of nonequilibrium electronic transport (a solid in the presence of a strong applied electric field) is also presented. The extensive experimental effort involving instabilities in semiconductors has provided a fertile testing ground for theoretical studies, and has led to considerable progress in solutions of the nonequilibrium transport equations in the past several years. It is suggested that new phenomena are still providing challenges for theoretical work, as exemplified by the recent studies of electron‐hole “liquid” drops (phase transition) in semiconductors.

Select this Article		Transport Properties in Gases (Comparison between Theory and Experiment) J. Kestin and E. A. Mason AIP Conf. Proc. 11, pp. 137-192; doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2948421 (56 pages) \| Cited 9 times Online Publication Date: 23 July 2008 Full Text: Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The paper reviews our understanding of the properties of gases and their multicomponent mixtures with particular emphasis on transport properties. The review amounts to a systematic comparison between the results of kinetic theory (Boltzmann and Wang Chang‐Uhlenbeck equations) and the best experimental data. Rather than concentrate on a search for suitable potentials, the paper explores the extent to which the existing body of theory can be put to practical use without an explicit knowledge of the intermolecular force potential for any gas. The organizing principle consists in the formulation of an extended law of corresponding states. This proves to be as accurate as the best measurements of all properties for monatomic gases and for certain properties of the polyatomic gases. Thus, instead of a potential, the formulation presents its empirically determined universal functionals together with suitable scaling factors for pure components and mixtures.

Select this Article		Thermal Conductivity Measurements of He, Ne, Ar, Kr, N₂ and CO₂ with a Transient Hot Wire Method J. W. Haarman AIP Conf. Proc. 11, pp. 193-202; doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2948425 (10 pages) \| Cited 3 times Online Publication Date: 23 July 2008 Full Text: Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The paper contains a brief account of measurements of thermal conductivity which have been performed by the transient hot wire method at atmospheric pressure and in the temperature range 55–195°C. The measurements were performed on He, Ne, Ar, Kr, N₂ and CO₂. In the case of the noble gases, the measurements prove to be thermodynamically consistent with the measurements of viscosity performed by R. DiPippo and J. Kestin. This agreement is secured with a margin of error which does not exceed 0.9%. The accuracy of the measurements is estimated to be one of 0.3%.

Select this Article		Transport Properties in Ionized Gases S. I. Sandler AIP Conf. Proc. 11, pp. 203-228; doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2948431 (26 pages) Online Publication Date: 23 July 2008 Full Text: Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The various problems that arise in predicting the transport properties of dilute, collision‐dominated plasmas are reviewed. Particular attention is given to the choice of the kinetic equation for the velocity distribution functions, the collision cross sections needed in the computations, and the convergence of the calculational procedures at various degrees of ionization. The existence of two‐temperature (nonequilibrium) plasmas and the effects of external fields are also considered.

Select this Article		Transport Properties of Gases and Binary Liquids Near the Critical State J. V. Sengers AIP Conf. Proc. 11, pp. 229-277; doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2948433 (49 pages) \| Cited 2 times Online Publication Date: 23 July 2008 Full Text: Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract A survey is presented of the behavior of transport properties near the gas‐liquid critical point of one component fluids and near the critical mixing point of binary liquids. The paper deals specifically with the shear viscosity and those transport properties, thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of gases and binary diffusion coefficient of liquid mixtures, that are related to the critical slowing down of the fluctuations in the order parameter. The experimental data are compared with current theoretical predictions.

Select this Article		Intermolecular Potentials of Symmetric Rare Gas Pairs from Elastic Differential Cross Section Measurements J. M. Farrar, T. P. Schafer, and Y. T. Lee AIP Conf. Proc. 11, pp. 279-295; doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2948434 (17 pages) \| Cited 9 times Online Publication Date: 23 July 2008 Full Text: Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The results of low energy crossed molecular beam experiments to determine differential elastic scattering cross sections over a wide angular range for symmetric rare gas pairs are presented. The scattering data are interpreted by finding parameters for a piecewise analytic potential form which is constrained to agree with semi‐empirical calculations of long range force constants. The validity of determining potentials from rainbow extrema locations and relative amplitudes as well as wide angle scattering is discussed and the restrictions imposed by the quantization of orbital angular momentum are also mentioned. The utility of second virial coefficient calculations is discussed. A discussion of reduced potential forms for the various systems suggests that a common form does not exist: the validity of a simple, universally valid combination rule is also questioned.

Select this Article		The Maxwell‐Boltzmann Relationship Martin J. Klein AIP Conf. Proc. 11, pp. 297-308; doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2948435 (12 pages) \| Cited 1 time Online Publication Date: 23 July 2008 Full Text: Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract Ludwig Boltzmann's H‐theorem of 1872, commemorated at this Seminar, is only one of the major steps in his long struggle to grasp the full meaning of the second law of thermodynamics. This paper describes some of the stages in Boltzmann's development of a statistical mechanics, emphasizing his intellectual debt to James Clerk Maxwell.

Select this Article		Projections and Needs in Research and Industry: Transport Properties of Fluids and Solids David R. Lide, Jr. AIP Conf. Proc. 11, pp. 309-314; doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2948436 (6 pages) Online Publication Date: 23 July 2008 Full Text: Download PDF
	+ -	Show Abstract The role of transport phenomena in the technological problems involved in various national problem areas, such as energy, pollution, and industrial productivity, is discussed. Specific needs for improved data on transport properties of fluids are outlined. Some general comments are made on accuracy requirements, estimation procedures, and the planning of transport property measurement programs.

Find articles by AUTHORNAME